Agroforestry diffusion and secondary forest regeneration in the Brazilian Amazon: further findings from the Rondônia Agroforestry Pilot Project (1992–2002)

In July 1992 the Rondônia Agroforestry Pilot Project (RAPP) was launched in two agricultural municipalities (Nova União and Alto Paraiso) in the western Brazilian Amazon State of Rondônia. The purpose of the RAPP was to assess the conditions under which colonist farmers in the western Amazon would integrate agroforestry plantings into their small-scale farming systems and to assess the performance of those plantings over time. An experimental group consisting of 50 small-scale farmers was selected to participate. Plots were designed to accommodate between 3 and 25 different species, each producing one or more commodities with local market potential (hardwood, fruits, nuts, latexes, oils). Farmers planted seedlings typically on a 1-ha plot, located and designed by each farmer with the advice of a professional Brazilian extensionist. During the first phase of the project (1992–1998), the growth performance of the seedlings and changes in household characteristics were monitored on an annual basis. By 2002, 32 (64.0%) of the original 50 agroforest plots were found in place. This paper updates the research findings based on a 2002 follow-up visit to these 32 farms. In addition to growth performance, the authors’ found that 17.95% of the farms in the neighboring control group had planted trees and other agroforest crops between 1992 and 2002, compared to only 5.38% of farms outside the project area, suggesting spontaneous diffusion. The authors also found a potentially synergistic relationship between agroforestry and secondary forest regeneration with the use of satellite image analysis. The experience of the RAPP indicates that colonist farmers in Amazonia can be successful managers of agroforest plots with minimal external inputs over the long-term (10 years).     

基于GIS的森林资源遥感调查方法研究

在试验研究的基础上 ,提出了在GIS支持下的遥感数据预处理 样地调查 前期调查信息叠合 -图象判读 -调查因子估测的技术路线 ,充分利用前期调查图面信息、小班属性数据信息进行遥感图象判读和小班调查因子估测的技术方法 ,有效地提高了判读的正判率和调查因子的估计精度 ,并产出了 1∶1万小班基本图 ,提高了调查成果的实用性     

高分辨率遥感图像均值调整法分割技术研究

遥感图像分割是将以像元为基础的图像转化为以对象为基础的过程,因此,遥感图像分割是遥感图像高级分析的基础.对于中、低分辨率遥感图像来说,单个像元的面积较大,且混合像元现象严重,图像分割会产生较大的误差.高分辨率遥感图像单个像元的面积较小,分割后图像上单个对象内含若干像元,便于分析和提取信息.以高分辨率遥感图像Q u ickB ird和IKONO S为研究对象,采用均值调整法对图像进行分割和精度检验.结果表明:采用均值调整法进行高分辨率遥感图像分割具有较好的效果,图像分割的速度和精度均较高.     

基于SPOT5遥感影像的样地判读

利用SPOT5卫星遥感资料在沾益县大坡乡进行了森林资源二类调查试点。共布设目视判读样地7711个、野外实测样地290个,其总体抽样精度为87 29%。介绍了工作方法,分析了判读结果和存在问题,提出了今后工作的思路。     

Forest resources variation along with the main rivers in typical forest region of Changbai Mountain

The restoration of the riparian vegetation disturbed by human activities is one of the hotspots of watershed ecology. Through interpreting the images of Remote Sensing in 1985 and 1999, the basic information of forest resources of Lushuhe Forest Bureau, which is a typical forest area of Chanbai Mountain was obtained with support of GIS. By dividing Land covers of Lushuihe area into 10 types (water body, residential land, stump land, farming land, wetland, mature conifer forest, midlife conifer forest, mature broadleaf forest, midlife broadleaf forest, and man-made young forest) and dividing the riparian zone into four buffers (in turn 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 m away from the river), the changes of riparian forest resources during 1985–1999 were analyzed. The results showed that the deforestation intension has obviously decreased and the whole environment has been evidently improved, but the riparian ecosystem was still flimsy. In buffer 1, 2, 3 the area of midlife conifer forest increased largely, but the areas of other types of land covers all decreased. Midlife conifer forest had a comparatively good status in the three buffers. In buffer 4, midlife conifer forest, mature conifer forest, and mature broadleaf forest formed a forest-age rank that is helpful to stabilize the forest ecosystem and exert its functions. Area percentage of wetland decreased in buffer 1, buffer 2, and buffer 3, even in buffer 4 in which forest ecosystem rehabilitated comparatively well, so protecting and rehabilitating wetland is a very difficult task. Foundation item: This study is supported by major projects of Knowiedge Innovation Program. Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZCX2-SW-320-3) and Institute of Applied Ecology (a grant SCXZD010-01), CAS. Biography: HAO Zhan-qing (1962-), Male, Ph. Doctor, Professor in Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenyang 1100016, P.R. China Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai     

利用遥感技术预测人工林木材性质及其产品价值的初探

阐述了遥感技术在森林树冠参数提取以及林木冠层与木材结构、性质间的关系研究现状,分析了树冠冠层和木材性质二者之间潜在的关系,探讨了利用高空间分辨率遥感卫星影像(QuickBird)数据分析林木树冠冠层特征的方法,提出了遥感树冠因子与木材性质间的关系模型的构想,进而进行木材性质的预测和产品经济价值的评价。     

VEGETATION植被指数与森林资源的相关性分析

VEGETATION植被指数与森林资源特征因子之间的相关性是该遥感数据用于森林资源监测的基础.基于湖南省同期的连清样地资料、ETM卫片,采用统计分析、单因素方差分析、迭加观察等方法,对VEGETATION植被指数与森林资源特征因子之间的相关性进行了分析,发现两者之间存在较高的相关性.     

在森林二类调查中用TM影象代替航片的研究实例

简述了在内蒙古两个林业局的森林二类调查中用ＴＭ影象代替航片进行区划、调绘、定位和面积量算、测树因子估测的试验方法和结果。试验与生产同步展开，进行了对照，数据表明，用１：５万ＴＭ影象代替航片进行区划、调绘、求积，其精度均能满足规程要求，但在测树因子估测方面尚不理想。     

Differences in spectral trajectory with stand volume development between Japanese larch and Japanese oak in Hokkaido,Japan

Our objective was to investigate the differences in the spectral trajectory of the LANDSAT Thematic Mapper with stand volume development between Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) and Japanese oak (Quercus mongolica var. crispula) in the experimental forest of Kyushu University, Hokkaido, Japan. We used nonlinear regression and a categorical variable to investigate the relationship between spectral reflectance factor and stand volume for each forest type. This research showed that the reflectance factor of Japanese larch and Japanese oak reached saturation and that both forest types had different spectral trajectories with stand development. In addition, we found that middle of development stage (stand volume was between 100 and 200 m³/ha) of each forest type had similarity in reflectance factor.     

近25年来新疆森林的动态变化

新疆森林主要有落叶针叶林、常绿针叶林、落叶阔叶林以及特殊灌木林4种类型,面积约为全疆植被面积的2%,但新疆森林在经济、社会和生态效益等方面却发挥着重要的作用.不同森林类型具有不同的NDVI变化特征,利用GIMMS NDVI数据集首先对新疆植被进行专家分类,然后分析近25年来新疆森林面积、蓄积量和密度的动态变化及其可能原...